0-3 months: First connections & discoveries

In the first three months, everyday moments offer opportunities to connect and explore. This guide introduces early skills and simple ways to enjoy time together. Follow your baby's cues and make room for rest.

Skills emerge gradually; this is not a checklist for a newborn. If you are concerned about development or your baby loses a skill, speak with your baby's healthcare professional. For babies born early, ask how corrected age applies.

Play products are optional. Tummy time is for awake, closely supervised play only. For every sleep, place your baby on their back in a clear, firm, flat sleep space intended for infants.

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Tummy time & early head lifting

Tummy time & early head lifting

During these early months, your baby begins lifting their head while lying on their tummy. This is an early step in developing head control, rather than a sign that head support is no longer needed.

How you can help

Offer short tummy-time sessions while your baby is awake and you are watching closely. Start with a few minutes and build up gradually as tolerated. Get down at your baby's level so they can see your face. Stop for a break when needed; if your baby becomes sleepy, move them to their safe sleep space on their back.

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Looking at faces & following movement

Looking at faces & following movement

Your baby may watch your face or follow you with their eyes as you move. By around two months, most babies can also look at a toy for a few seconds.

How you can help

Let your baby look at your face or one simple picture during a calm, awake moment. Move slowly and pause so they have time to look. If they turn away or become fussy, give them a break.

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Listening & making early sounds

Listening & making early sounds

Crying is not your baby's only sound. Across the first three months, soft coos and pleasure sounds may begin to join their early communication. A familiar voice may also help them settle.

How you can help

Talk or sing gently during everyday care. Pause after speaking, and respond when your baby makes a sound. A short, quiet conversation is enough; you do not need to prompt a particular sound.

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Discovering hands & moving legs

Discovering hands & moving legs

Early movements become more varied as your baby grows. You may notice more relaxed hands, opening and closing fingers, and lively kicks. These are early movements, not precise grasping skills.

How you can help

During awake, supervised floor play, give your baby space to move their arms and legs freely. Watch and respond to their movements without forcing their hands around a toy or guiding their body into a new position.

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Sharing smiles & connection

Sharing smiles & connection

Early expressions gradually become more social. During these first months, your baby may begin smiling in response to your face or voice and enjoying brief moments of connection.

How you can help

Choose a moment when your baby is comfortable and alert. Smile, talk gently and respond to their expressions. Let your baby look away when they need a pause; there is no need to keep their attention or make them smile.